New Forest Ponies

	New Forest Ponies in winter

Hardy, sure-footed, enterprising and adaptable, the New Forest Pony must exhibit all these characteristics, and more, to survive year-round in what can be a relatively harsh environment. Summer heat, winter cold, driving rains; all are the lot of the New Forest Pony.

Other pony breeds are also put out on the New Forest, but the local breed, the New Forest Pony, is most characteristic of the area.

All the ponies are free-ranging, although few stray far from their own favourite area, or haunt. Exact location often depends on the time of year and weather conditions – winter, for example, will often find New Forest Ponies deep in the woods, sheltering from the wind and cold, whilst at other times of year, they are more likely to be out in the open.

Small groups of New Forest Ponies are most often seen - mum and foal quite close together, with others, maybe, nearby. But on warm, sunny, summer days, quite large gatherings often occur, usually in favourite spots known as ‘shades’. The name, though, is something of a contradiction, for shades are often out in the open, sometimes in places exposed to cooling air currents, but more importantly, in places where flies are relatively absent.

	New Forest Ponies at a shade on a wasted Bronze Age barrow

Traditional use by generations of New Forest Ponies has left a number of ‘shade’ place names, some of which are marked on Ordnance Survey maps - Withycombe Shade, a short distance north of Beaulieu Road station, and Latchmore Shade, near Frogham, are good examples.

Food in the large quantities required is for much of the year not easy to find, and so New Forest Ponies have to spend around 80% of their time foraging. Diet is varied, and depends largely on the time of year. Grasses, when available, are taken, but gorse, holly and other tree leaves, woody material, heather, moss and bracken are also eaten.

In fact, so intensely do New Forest Ponies and other stock animals feed, that areas of grassland are almost always close-cropped; young holly trees take on the oddest, often conical, shapes; whilst older holly trees often exhibit a browse line, a horizontal skirt at the height reached by the animals, below which no branches grow.

With good reason, then, New Forest Ponies and other stock animals have been called the architects of the Forest scene, for without grazing pressure this unique landscape would be lost - Scots pine and birch would rapidly invade the heathlands, whilst the open, pasture woods would become overgrown with dense, under-storey vegetation.

Many of the New Forest Ponies, though, have learnt that the presence of people can often mean access to a free lunch, and hang around the roadsides and car parks trying to beg sandwiches and picnic leftovers.

But feeding them is never a good idea - it just encourages further begging, maybe from people not quite so willing to indulge the ponies’ appetites. And whilst most New Forest Ponies are fairly placid creatures, some, particularly in mid- to late-spring when stallions are about, or when with foals, can occasionally be aggressive and unpredictable.

Voracious feeding habits have, at times, also been the cause of other controversy. Allowed into the woodland inclosures from the late 1960s, New Forest Ponies and other stock animals proceeded to remove brambles and much of the other ride-side vegetation that previously had supported large numbers of butterflies and moths.

The consequences were predictable – butterfly and moth populations declined alarmingly, so-much-so that from the mid-1980s, the stock have been progressively ejected from many inclosures, but quickly return if gates are accidentally left open.

References:
New Forest Ponies: Valerie Russell
The New Forest – A Natural History: Colin R. Tubbs
A Wild Heritage – The History and Nature of the New Forest: Terry Heathcote
Verderers of the New Forest: http://www.verderers.org.uk/
Forestry Commission: http://www.forestry.gov.uk/pdf/Ponies.pdf/$FILE/Ponies.pdf